熱作 模具鋼對硬(ying)(ying)(ying)度要求適當，側重于紅(hong)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)性， 導熱性，耐磨性。因(yin)此含碳量(liang)低，合(he)金元素以(yi)增加 淬透(tou)性，提高(gao)耐磨性、紅(hong)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)性為主。

　　熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang) 1.熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)條件(jian) 熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)包括錘鍛(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)三類(lei)。如(ru)(ru)前(qian)所(suo)(suo)述．熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)特(te)點是與(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)態(tai)金(jin)屬(shu)相接觸、這是與(yu)冷作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)區別。因(yin)此(ci)會帶來(lai)(lai)(lai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)兩方面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題： （l）模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)表層金(jin)屬(shu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)。通(tong)常(chang)(chang)錘鍛(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)．其(qi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)可(ke)達300～400℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)可(ke)達500一(yi)800℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)；壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)與(yu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)種(zhong)類(lei)及(ji)澆注溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)有(you)關。如(ru)(ru)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)黑色(se)(se)金(jin)屬(shu)時(shi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)可(ke)達1000℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。這樣高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)會使模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)硬(ying)度(du)(du)和強度(du)(du)顯著(zhu)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)，在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)易發生(sheng)(sheng)打垛。為此(ci)．對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)是熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)塑變抗(kang)(kang)(kang)力(li)(li)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，包括高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)硬(ying)度(du)(du)和高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)強度(du)(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)塑變抗(kang)(kang)(kang)力(li)(li)，實際(ji)上(shang)反映了鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)回(hui)火(huo)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)。由此(ci)便可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)找到熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)合(he)(he)金(jin)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)種(zhong)途徑，即加入Cr、W、Si．等(deng)(deng)合(he)(he)金(jin)元素(su)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)火(huo)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)。 （2）模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)表層金(jin)屬(shu)產生(sheng)(sheng)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)疲勞(lao)（龜(gui)裂(lie)(lie)）。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)特(te)點是具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)間歇性(xing)．每次使熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)態(tai)金(jin)屬(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)后都要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)、油、空氣等(deng)(deng)介質冷卻模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)。因(yin)此(ci)．熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai)是反復(fu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)和冷卻，從(cong)而(er)(er)使模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)表層金(jin)屬(shu)產生(sheng)(sheng)反復(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)脹冷縮，即反復(fu)承受(shou)(shou)(shou)拉壓(ya)(ya)(ya)應(ying)力(li)(li)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)．其(qi)結果引(yin)起(qi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)出現龜(gui)裂(lie)(lie)，稱(cheng)為熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)疲勞(lao)現象，由此(ci)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)提出了第(di)二(er)個(ge)(ge)基(ji)本使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)．即具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)疲勞(lao)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)力(li)(li)。一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)說(shuo)來(lai)(lai)(lai)，影(ying)(ying)響鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)疲勞(lao)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素(su)主要(yao)(yao)有(you)： ①鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性(xing)。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性(xing)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，可(ke)使模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)表層金(jin)屬(shu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)程度(du)(du)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)，從(cong)而(er)(er)減小(xiao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)疲勞(lao)傾向性(xing)。一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)認為鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性(xing)與(yu)合(he)(he)碳量(liang)有(you)關，含(han)碳量(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)時(shi)導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性(xing)低(di)(di)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)不(bu)宜采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)碳鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)。在生(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)通(tong)常(chang)(chang)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)碳鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)（C0.3%5～0.6%）合(he)(he)碳量(liang)過(guo)低(di)(di)．會導(dao)致鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)度(du)(du)和強度(du)(du)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)．也是不(bu)利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。 ②鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臨界點影(ying)(ying)響。通(tong)常(chang)(chang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臨界點（Acl）越高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)．鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)疲勞(lao)傾向性(xing)越低(di)(di)。因(yin)此(ci)．一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)通(tong)過(guo)加入合(he)(he)金(jin)元素(su)Cr、W、Si、引(yin)來(lai)(lai)(lai)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臨界點。從(cong)而(er)(er)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)疲勞(lao)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)力(li)(li)。 2.常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang) （1）錘鍛(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)。一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)說(shuo)來(lai)(lai)(lai)，錘鍛(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)有(you)兩個(ge)(ge)問題比較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)突出一(yi)是工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)受(shou)(shou)(shou)沖擊負荷作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)．故對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)學性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，特(te)別是對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)塑變抗(kang)(kang)(kang)力(li)(li)及(ji)韌性(xing)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)；二(er)是錘鍛(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)截(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)尺(chi)寸較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大（＜400mm）故對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淬透(tou)性(xing)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保證(zheng)整個(ge)(ge)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)組織和性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)均勻(yun)。 常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)錘鍛(duan)(duan)樓用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)有(you)5CrNiMo、 5CrMnMo、 5CrNiW、 5CrNiTi及(ji)5CrMnMoSiV等(deng)(deng)。不(bu)同(tong)(tong)類(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錘眼模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)應(ying)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)特(te)大型(xing)或大型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錘鍛(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)5CrNiMo為好．也可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)5CrNiTi、5CrNiW或5CrMnMoSi等(deng)(deng)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錘鍛(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)常(chang)(chang)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)5CrMnMO鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)。 （2）熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)，熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)特(te)點是加載(zai)速度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)慢，因(yin)此(ci)，模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)腔(qiang)受(shou)(shou)(shou)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，通(tong)常(chang)(chang)可(ke)達500一(yi)800℃。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)這類(lei)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)應(ying)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)強度(du)(du)(即高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)火(huo)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)）和高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)疲勞(lao)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)為主。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)ak及(ji)淬透(tou)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)可(ke)適當(dang)放低(di)(di)。一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)尺(chi)寸較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，常(chang)(chang)小(xiao)于 70～90 mm。 常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)有(you)4CrW2Si、3Cr2W8V及(ji)5％Cr型(xing)等(deng)(deng)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)．其(qi)化學成(cheng)(cheng)分如(ru)(ru)表4.16所(suo)(suo)示(shi)。 其(qi)中(zhong)4CrW2Si．既(ji)可(ke)做冷作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)，又(you)可(ke)做熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)．由于用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途不(bu)同(tong)(tong)，可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)方法。作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)冷模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淬火(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)（870—900℃）及(ji)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)或中(zhong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)回(hui)火(huo)處理(li)(li)；作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)則采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)淬火(huo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)（一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)為950一(yi)1000℃）及(ji)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)回(hui)火(huo)處理(li)(li)。 （3）壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)。從(cong)總(zong)體上(shang)看(kan)，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)與(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)相近，即以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)火(huo)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)與(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)疲勞(lao)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)力(li)(li)為主。所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)通(tong)常(chang)(chang)所(suo)(suo)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)種(zhong)大體上(shang)與(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)相同(tong)(tong)．如(ru)(ru)常(chang)(chang)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)4CrW2Si．和3Cr2W8V等(deng)(deng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)。但又(you)有(you)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)如(ru)(ru)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)熔(rong)點較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)(di)Zn合(he)(he)金(jin)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)．可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)40Cr、30CrMnSi及(ji)40CrMo等(deng)(deng)；對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)Al和Mg合(he)(he)金(jin)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)4CrW2Si、4Cr5MoSiV 等(deng)(deng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)Cu合(he)(he)金(jin)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)．多(duo)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)3Cr2W8V鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)。 近年來(lai)(lai)(lai)．隨著(zhu)黑色(se)(se)金(jin)屬(shu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，多(duo)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)熔(rong)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)和鎳合(he)(he)金(jin)．或者對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)3Cr2W8V鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)進行(xing)Cr-Al-SI三元共滲(shen)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制造黑色(se)(se)金(jin)屬(shu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。最近國內(nei)外還正在試驗(yan)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)強度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)合(he)(he)金(jin)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)黑色(se)(se)金(jin)屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)。